Charter of Madinah (First Islamic Constitution)

Description

Shortly after arriving in Madinah, the Prophet Muhammad established the Charter (Sahifah) of Madinah — considered the first written constitution in history. It defined the rights and duties of all citizens (Muslim and non-Muslim) of the newly formed Islamic state, establishing principles of mutual defence, justice, and religious freedom for all communities.

Key Figures

Sources

• Sirat Ibn Hisham
• Al-Amwal (Abu Ubayd)