بسم اللّٰهِ الرحمن الرحيم
Hadrat
Uthman ibn Affan
عُثْمَان بْن عَفَّان
(Radiyallahu Anhu) رَضِيَ ٱللَّٰهُ عَنْهُ
18 Dhul Hijjah 35 AH
Abu Amr
Born in Makkah in the sixth year after the Year of the Elephant (576 CE) — Makkah
height: Medium height
complexion: Pinkish-white glowing complexion
face: Beautiful and radiant face
beard: Broad beard
shoulders: Broad shoulders
hands: Long hands with hair, heavy palms
hair: Thick head hair dyed with red colour
teeth: Shining, beautiful teeth
resemblance: Resembled the Holy Prophet Muhammad (peace and blessings be upon him) and Prophet Ibrahim (peace be upon him)
- ◈The most modest person in the entire Ummah — the Holy Prophet (peace and blessings be upon him) said: 'The most genuinely modest one from my Ummah is Uthman'
- ◈Even the angels expressed modesty before him — the Holy Prophet (peace and blessings be upon him) said: 'How can I not show modesty before a person whom even the angels express modesty before?'
- ◈Enlisted among the top ten Companions (Asharah Mubashsharah) promised Paradise
- ◈Only companion in creation, from the time of Prophet Adam (peace be upon him) to the era of the Holy Prophet (peace and blessings be upon him), to have married two daughters of a Prophet — a unique quality which no one else possesses
- ◈Purchased Paradise twice: once by buying Bir-e-Rumah (well) for Muslims, and again by donating at the Battle of Tabuk
- ◈Hadrat Ali (radi Allahu anhu) testified: 'He is the one who is called Zun-Nurayn among the angels of the sky' — and cited the Quran verse about him (Surah Al-Ma'idah, Verse 93)
- ◈Foremost among the people and the most determined of the reciters of the Quran — first person to recite the entire Quran at Maqam Ibrahim
- ◈Incredible in following the Sunnah of the Holy Prophet (peace and blessings be upon him) — a beautiful Sunnah is that whenever the Holy Prophet (peace and blessings be upon him) shook anyone's hand, he would not withdraw his hand first. Hadrat Uthman (radi Allahu anhu) followed this Sunnah precisely
“Uthman is from me and I am from Uthman”— the Holy Prophet (peace and blessings be upon him)
“Every Prophet has a companion; my companion (in Paradise) is Uthman”— the Holy Prophet (peace and blessings be upon him)
(Tirmizi, vol. 5, p. 390, Hadith 3718)
“By the intercession of Hadrat Uthman (radi Allahu anhu), 70,000 people who were destined for Hell will enter Jannah without accountability”— the Holy Prophet (peace and blessings be upon him)
“From today, whatever Uthman does, there shall be no accountability upon him”— the Holy Prophet (peace and blessings be upon him)
(Tirmizi, vol. 5, p. 391, Hadith 3720)
“Generosity is a tree of Paradise and Uthman is one of its branches”— the Holy Prophet (peace and blessings be upon him)
(Kanz-ul-'Ummal, Juz 11, vol. 6, p. 273, Hadith 32849)
“He is one of the inhabitants of Paradise”— the Holy Prophet (peace and blessings be upon him)
(Mu'jam Kabeer, vol. 12, p. 309, Hadith 13495)
“On that day this man will be rightly guided”— the Holy Prophet (peace and blessings be upon him)
(Tirmizi, vol. 5, p. 393, Hadith 3724; Ibn Majah, vol. 1, p. 79, Hadith 111)
“This is Uthman's pledge of allegiance”— the Holy Prophet (peace and blessings be upon him)
(Jami al-Tirmidhi, Hadith 3726)
“Jibreel informed me that I am to give my daughter Umm Kulthum to you in marriage”— the Holy Prophet (peace and blessings be upon him)
(Sunan Ibn Majah, Hadith 110)
“Even if I had 10 daughters, I would give them to you in marriage (one after the other)”— the Holy Prophet (peace and blessings be upon him)
(Mu'jam Kabeer, vol. 22, p. 436, Hadith 1061)
“Whoever buys the Roomah well shall be satiated in Paradise”— the Holy Prophet (peace and blessings be upon him)
(Tareekh-ul-Madinah Li Ibn Shaybah, vol. 1, p. 154)
“The best among you is he who learned the Holy Quran and taught it to others”— the Holy Prophet (peace and blessings be upon him)
Embraced Islam during the earliest days — influenced by the Holy Prophet's (peace and blessings be upon him) teachings and Hadrat Abu Bakr (radi Allahu anhu)
Accepted Islam at age 34
Migrated twice — first to Abyssinia with Hadrat Ruqayyah (radi Allahu anha), then to Madinah — earning the title Sahib ul Hijratain
Defended the Holy Prophet (peace and blessings be upon him) at the Ka'bah — when disbelievers including Abu Jahl harassed the Holy Prophet (peace and blessings be upon him) during circumambulation, Hadrat Uthman (radi Allahu anhu) struck Abu Jahl in defence
Did not participate in Battle of Badr — remained in Madinah to care for his wife Hadrat Ruqayyah (radi Allahu anha) on the Holy Prophet's (peace and blessings be upon him) order. Despite his absence, the Holy Prophet (peace and blessings be upon him) granted him equivalent reward and war spoils
Participated in Battle of Uhud and Battle of the Trench, displaying bravery
Purchased the Well of Roomah (Bir-e-Rumah) for the Muslims — bought half for 12,000 dirhams, then the remaining half for 8,000 dirhams (35,000 dirhams in another narration) and gave it in charity for the use of all Muslims
The well is located on the northern side of Masjid Qiblatayn. Its water is exceedingly sweet, appetising and quickly digested. The Holy Prophet (peace and blessings be upon him) drank from it and supplicated: 'O Lord, make Paradise necessary for Uthman'
Sent as ambassador to Makkah at Hudaybiyah (6 AH) — the Holy Prophet (peace and blessings be upon him) chose him because the non-Muslims respected him. When Quraysh detained him and a rumour spread of his death, the Holy Prophet (peace and blessings be upon him) pledged Bay'at-e-Ridwan on his behalf with his own blessed hand
Donated extraordinarily at the Battle of Tabuk (9 AH) — pledged 100, then 200, then 300 camels with provisions. When the time came, he actually gave 950 camels, 50 horses, and 1,000 gold coins, then an additional 10,000 gold coins. The Holy Prophet (peace and blessings be upon him) declared no accountability upon him after this
Tabuk was the last battle of the Holy Prophet (peace and blessings be upon him) — the army numbered between 40,000 and 70,000. The distance from Madinah was 660km in extreme heat with severe shortage of provisions
Commissioned the standardised compilation of the Holy Quran (Mushaf of Uthman) during his caliphate — first to compile the Quran into a single written text and place it in the Masjid, preventing recitation discrepancies
Taught the Quran to notable students including Hadrat Abu Abd al-Rahman al-Sulami (who subsequently taught in Kufa's largest Masjid for 40 years), Mughirah ibn Abu Shihab, Furafisah ibn Umayr, Abu al-Aswad Du'ali, and Zirr ibn Hubaysh
Embraced Islam during the earliest days — influenced by the Holy Prophet's (peace and blessings be upon him) teachings and Hadrat Abu Bakr (radi Allahu anhu)
Accepted Islam at age 34
Migrated twice — first to Abyssinia with Hadrat Ruqayyah (radi Allahu anha), then to Madinah — earning the title Sahib ul Hijratain
Defended the Holy Prophet (peace and blessings be upon him) at the Ka'bah — when disbelievers including Abu Jahl harassed the Holy Prophet (peace and blessings be upon him) during circumambulation, Hadrat Uthman (radi Allahu anhu) struck Abu Jahl in defence
Did not participate in Battle of Badr — remained in Madinah to care for his wife Hadrat Ruqayyah (radi Allahu anha) on the Holy Prophet's (peace and blessings be upon him) order. Despite his absence, the Holy Prophet (peace and blessings be upon him) granted him equivalent reward and war spoils
Participated in Battle of Uhud and Battle of the Trench, displaying bravery
Purchased the Well of Roomah (Bir-e-Rumah) for the Muslims — bought half for 12,000 dirhams, then the remaining half for 8,000 dirhams (35,000 dirhams in another narration) and gave it in charity for the use of all Muslims
The well is located on the northern side of Masjid Qiblatayn. Its water is exceedingly sweet, appetising and quickly digested. The Holy Prophet (peace and blessings be upon him) drank from it and supplicated: 'O Lord, make Paradise necessary for Uthman'
Sent as ambassador to Makkah at Hudaybiyah (6 AH) — the Holy Prophet (peace and blessings be upon him) chose him because the non-Muslims respected him. When Quraysh detained him and a rumour spread of his death, the Holy Prophet (peace and blessings be upon him) pledged Bay'at-e-Ridwan on his behalf with his own blessed hand
Donated extraordinarily at the Battle of Tabuk (9 AH) — pledged 100, then 200, then 300 camels with provisions. When the time came, he actually gave 950 camels, 50 horses, and 1,000 gold coins, then an additional 10,000 gold coins. The Holy Prophet (peace and blessings be upon him) declared no accountability upon him after this
Tabuk was the last battle of the Holy Prophet (peace and blessings be upon him) — the army numbered between 40,000 and 70,000. The distance from Madinah was 660km in extreme heat with severe shortage of provisions
Commissioned the standardised compilation of the Holy Quran (Mushaf of Uthman) during his caliphate — first to compile the Quran into a single written text and place it in the Masjid, preventing recitation discrepancies
Taught the Quran to notable students including Hadrat Abu Abd al-Rahman al-Sulami (who subsequently taught in Kufa's largest Masjid for 40 years), Mughirah ibn Abu Shihab, Furafisah ibn Umayr, Abu al-Aswad Du'ali, and Zirr ibn Hubaysh
Embraced Islam during the earliest days — influenced by the Holy Prophet's (peace and blessings be upon him) teachings and Hadrat Abu Bakr (radi Allahu anhu)
Accepted Islam at age 34
Migrated twice — first to Abyssinia with Hadrat Ruqayyah (radi Allahu anha), then to Madinah — earning the title Sahib ul Hijratain
Defended the Holy Prophet (peace and blessings be upon him) at the Ka'bah — when disbelievers including Abu Jahl harassed the Holy Prophet (peace and blessings be upon him) during circumambulation, Hadrat Uthman (radi Allahu anhu) struck Abu Jahl in defence
Did not participate in Battle of Badr — remained in Madinah to care for his wife Hadrat Ruqayyah (radi Allahu anha) on the Holy Prophet's (peace and blessings be upon him) order. Despite his absence, the Holy Prophet (peace and blessings be upon him) granted him equivalent reward and war spoils
Participated in Battle of Uhud and Battle of the Trench, displaying bravery
Purchased the Well of Roomah (Bir-e-Rumah) for the Muslims — bought half for 12,000 dirhams, then the remaining half for 8,000 dirhams (35,000 dirhams in another narration) and gave it in charity for the use of all Muslims
The well is located on the northern side of Masjid Qiblatayn. Its water is exceedingly sweet, appetising and quickly digested. The Holy Prophet (peace and blessings be upon him) drank from it and supplicated: 'O Lord, make Paradise necessary for Uthman'
Sent as ambassador to Makkah at Hudaybiyah (6 AH) — the Holy Prophet (peace and blessings be upon him) chose him because the non-Muslims respected him. When Quraysh detained him and a rumour spread of his death, the Holy Prophet (peace and blessings be upon him) pledged Bay'at-e-Ridwan on his behalf with his own blessed hand
Donated extraordinarily at the Battle of Tabuk (9 AH) — pledged 100, then 200, then 300 camels with provisions. When the time came, he actually gave 950 camels, 50 horses, and 1,000 gold coins, then an additional 10,000 gold coins. The Holy Prophet (peace and blessings be upon him) declared no accountability upon him after this
Tabuk was the last battle of the Holy Prophet (peace and blessings be upon him) — the army numbered between 40,000 and 70,000. The distance from Madinah was 660km in extreme heat with severe shortage of provisions
Commissioned the standardised compilation of the Holy Quran (Mushaf of Uthman) during his caliphate — first to compile the Quran into a single written text and place it in the Masjid, preventing recitation discrepancies
Taught the Quran to notable students including Hadrat Abu Abd al-Rahman al-Sulami (who subsequently taught in Kufa's largest Masjid for 40 years), Mughirah ibn Abu Shihab, Furafisah ibn Umayr, Abu al-Aswad Du'ali, and Zirr ibn Hubaysh
- ♥Would wake up at pre-dawn and engage in worship — shed tears profusely when performing the dhikr of Allah
- ♥His beard would become moist with tears when visiting graves — his deep reverence and fear of Allah was constant
- ♥Wept greatly when his beloved wife Hadrat Ruqayyah (radi Allahu anha) passed away (19 Ramadan, 2 AH), and again when Hadrat Umm Kulthum (radi Allahu anha) passed away (9 AH)
- ♥Would complete the entire Quran in a single unit of prayer — sometimes remaining awake throughout the night reciting
- ♥Maintained a structured weekly Quran recitation schedule: Friday — al-Baqarah to al-Ma'idah; then progressing through the Quran each night until completing it on Thursday
- ♥During the Hajj season, would complete the entire Quran in one prayer unit near the Black Stone
- ♥Lived modestly despite being extremely wealthy — famous for charitable giving yet personally simple in lifestyle
- ♥Kind-hearted and soft-natured disposition — when his household (the family of the Holy Prophet (peace and blessings be upon him)) had no food for four days, Hadrat Uthman (radi Allahu anhu) provided substantial supplies including flour, wheat, dates, meat, and 300 dirhams
3rd Caliph of Islam
Duration: 12 years (644–656 CE / 24–35 AH)
- ✓Commissioned the standardised Mushaf of Uthman — preventing Quran recitation discrepancies across the growing Muslim world
- ✓Conquered North Africa, Cyprus, and regions of the Persian Empire — massive territorial expansion
- ✓Centralised treasury establishment and currency standardisation
- ✓Public welfare improvements and funded mosque construction in Madinah
- ✓Narrated 146 Hadith of the Holy Prophet (peace and blessings be upon him)
Hadrat Ruqayyah (radi Allahu anha) — daughter of the Holy Prophet (peace and blessings be upon him). Married before the declaration of Prophethood. She passed away on 19 Ramadan, 2 AH, during the Battle of Badr
Hadrat Umm Kulthum (radi Allahu anha) — daughter of the Holy Prophet (peace and blessings be upon him). Married after Hadrat Ruqayyah's (radi Allahu anha) death. Hadrat Jibreel (peace be upon him) conducted this marriage by the command of Allah. She passed away in 9 AH
Sunan Ibn Majah, Hadith 110; Mu'jam Kabeer, vol. 22, p. 436, Hadith 1061
Both wives passed away in Madinah. Only companion in all of creation to marry two daughters of a Prophet — hence Zul-Noorain (Possessor of Two Lights). The Holy Prophet (peace and blessings be upon him) said: 'Even if I had 10 daughters, I would give them to you in marriage (one after the other)'
Friday, 18 Dhul Hijjah, 35 AH (656 CE)
82 years old
Assassinated by rebels after weeks-long siege of his house — was fasting at the time. When struck, his first drop of blood fell upon verse 136 of Surah al-Baqarah. Before his neck was struck, he said: 'This is the hand that wrote the Holy Quran first'
Martyred while fasting and reciting the Holy Quran — refused to use force against fellow Muslims during the weeks-long siege of his house
“If your hearts were pure, you would never tire of your Lord's speech”
“I do not like for any day or night of mine to pass by in which I do not look at the Quran”
“I am now deprived of my familial tie with you through marriage”
- 🌟Hadrat Uthman (radi Allahu anhu) was called 'Zul-Noorain' which means 'The One with Two Lights' because he married two daughters of the Holy Prophet (peace and blessings be upon him)!
- 🌟He was so shy that even the angels felt shy around him — SubhanAllah!
- 🌟He helped make sure the Holy Quran was collected into one book so everyone could read the same words!
- 🌟Even though he was very rich, he lived simply and gave lots of money to help other people!
- 🌟He bought a well called 'Roomah' and gave it free to all the Muslims — the Holy Prophet (peace and blessings be upon him) said this was like buying Paradise!
- 🌟At the Battle of Tabuk, he donated 950 camels, 50 horses, and thousands of gold coins — more than anyone else!
- 🌟He could recite the whole Holy Quran in just one prayer — and he did this regularly!
Battles & Conquests(1)
Other Events(4)
Caliphate of Hadrat Uthman ibn Affan (Radiyallahu Anhu) رَضِيَ ٱللَّٰهُ عَنْهُ Begins
1 Muharram 24 AH
Standardisation of the Quran (Mushaf of Uthman)
1 Rabi al-Awwal 25 AH
Treaty of Hudaybiyyah
1 Dhul Qa'dah 6 AH
Martyrdom of Sayyiduna Hadrat Uthman ibn Affan (Radiyallahu Anhu) رَضِيَ ٱللَّٰهُ عَنْهُ
18 Dhul Hijjah 35 AH