Description

Sayyiduna Hadrat Umar ibn al-Khattab (Radiyallahu Anhu) رَضِيَ ٱللَّٰهُ عَنْهُ personally travelled to Jerusalem to accept its surrender. He refused to pray inside the Church of the Holy Sepulchre, fearing future Muslims might convert it into a masjid. He instead prayed outside and signed the Covenant of Umar (Al-Uhda al-Umariyya), guaranteeing the safety, property, and religious freedom of the Christian inhabitants — a landmark document in interfaith relations.

Key Figures

Sources

• Tarikh al-Tabari
• Al-Bidayah wa al-Nihayah