NoorAyyaam

Seventy Companions were martyred at Bi'r Ma'una. (Exact day not confirmed; placed on 1st Safar for reference.)

Muslims achieved victory in the Expedition of Khaybar. (Exact day not confirmed; placed on 1st Safar for reference.)

The martyrdom of Hadrat Uwais al-Qarni (Rahimahullah) رَحِمَهُ ٱللَّٰهُ at the Battle of Siffin, fighting on the side of Sayyiduna Ali ibn Abi Talib. The Prophet Muhammad ﷺ had told Sayyiduna Umar: 'A man will come to you from Yemen called Uwais. He has a mother to whom he is devoted. He had leprosy and Allah cured him. If you meet him, ask him to pray for your forgiveness.' He is considered the best of the Tabi'een.

مَعْرَكَة صِفِّين

The Battle of Siffin took place between the forces of Sayyiduna Hadrat Ali ibn Abi Talib (Radiyallahu Anhu) رَضِيَ ٱللَّٰهُ عَنْهُ (the Caliph) and Ameer Muawiya ibn Abi Sufyan over the issue of bringing the assassins of Sayyiduna Uthman to justice. The battle ended inconclusively after arbitration was proposed. This was one of the most painful events in early Islamic history as Companions fought on both sides.

فَتْح ٱلْمَدَائِن

Following the decisive Muslim victory at the Battle of Qadisiyyah, the Muslim forces under Sayyiduna Hadrat Sa'd ibn Abi Waqqas (Radiyallahu Anhu) رَضِيَ ٱللَّٰهُ عَنْهُ marched on Ctesiphon (al-Mada'in), the Persian capital. The Sassanid Emperor Yazdgerd III fled, and the Muslims captured the White Palace and its legendary treasures. This marked the effective end of the Persian Sassanid Empire and the spread of Islam across Iran and Central Asia.